GROUND NUT CROP PROTECTION : PEST MANAGEMENT IN GROUND NUT ( RED HAIRY CATERPILLAR )
PEST OBSERVED IN GROUND NUT CROP
1. RED HAIRY CATERPILLAR :-
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Amsacta albistriga ( spp. prone in south india )
Amsacta moorei ( spp. prone in North india )
IDENTIFICATION :-
- 1. Amsacta albistriga ( spp. prone in south india )..... Adult moth is medium in size, Forewings are white coloured with brown streaks all over the wing, yellow streaks at margin of forewing, Hind wings are with black-brown marks, Head is with yellow coloured band
SCIENTIFIC NAME : Amsacta albistriga ( spp. prone in south india )
Amsacta moorei ( spp. prone in North india )
IDENTIFICATION :-
- 1. Amsacta albistriga ( spp. prone in south india )..... Adult moth is medium in size, Forewings are white coloured with brown streaks all over the wing, yellow streaks at margin of forewing, Hind wings are with black-brown marks, Head is with yellow coloured band
- 2. Amsacta moorei ( spp. prone in North india )..... same like A.albistriga but differs in margin of forewings & band on head as they are red coloured.
NATURE OF DAMAGE :-
- Female moth lays 300-1000eggs in bunches / clusters under the surface of leaves/in soil/twigs of plant, therefore young larvae appear in clusters and feeds on leaves by scrapping them.
- Aged larvae ( caterpillar stage ) eats leaves/twigs vigorously and leave plant as a midrib skeleton with stem that includes sometimes defoliation also. Finally results major loss of crop
CATERPILLAR STAGE
MODE OF SPREAD :-
- Observed mostly in kharif & a little in winter
- Primarily female moth lays clusters of creamy white/sligt yellow coloured eggs in soil clods, under surface of leaves, twigs, field bunds just after the early monsoon rains in months from may/june - july & the incubation period is for 3-4 days
- 2. Amsacta moorei ( spp. prone in North india )..... same like A.albistriga but differs in margin of forewings & band on head as they are red coloured.
NATURE OF DAMAGE :-
- Female moth lays 300-1000eggs in bunches / clusters under the surface of leaves/in soil/twigs of plant, therefore young larvae appear in clusters and feeds on leaves by scrapping them.
- Aged larvae ( caterpillar stage ) eats leaves/twigs vigorously and leave plant as a midrib skeleton with stem that includes sometimes defoliation also. Finally results major loss of crop
CATERPILLAR STAGE
MODE OF SPREAD :-
- Observed mostly in kharif & a little in winter
- Primarily female moth lays clusters of creamy white/sligt yellow coloured eggs in soil clods, under surface of leaves, twigs, field bunds just after the early monsoon rains in months from may/june - july & the incubation period is for 3-4 days
EGGS
- After that larval stage begins with lasts for 40-50 days which is mostly dangerous for the crop as it vigorously feeds & transfers from one field to another field
- Next to that by completing larval period the caterpillars ( larvae ) makes burrows in soil at a depth ranging 10-20cm mostly around the field bunds / shady areas which have mosit condition regularly and undergoes pupal stage which lasts for 10-12 months
- Now again after a year / the completion of pupal period the adults ( months ) come out from the pupae and starts the cycle again whenever the rain comes.
- Apart from ground nut, these red hairy catterpillars are also found in Bengal gram, Ragi, Cowpea, cotton, jowar, Maize, Castor..etc
ADULT
CONTROLL/MANAGEMENT OF THIS PEST :-
CULTURAL/MECHANICAL/PHYSICAL METHODS :
- Deep plough ( summer ploughing ) the land at April-May months to kill the pupae by exposing them to sunlight & birds ( as predator )
- Collect & destroy egg clusters/masses, larvae
- Grow cowpea as trap crops around the field (or) intercrop with cowpea in the ratio of 1:5 rows ( cowpea : groundnut )
BONFIRES- Set some bonfires around the field just after a rainy day to attract & kill caterpillars
- Setup light traps to attract and kill the moths during june-august
LIGHT TRAP- Make a deep trench around the field & dust with 5% carbaryl (or) Methyl parathion/Carbaryl dust 250gm/metre ( to avoid migration of caterpillars to other fields )
- keep poison bate for lately emerged larvae with 10:1:1 ratio of Rice bran ( kg ) + jaggery ( kg ) + Quinalphos ( kg ) in & sorroundings of field
- After that larval stage begins with lasts for 40-50 days which is mostly dangerous for the crop as it vigorously feeds & transfers from one field to another field
- Next to that by completing larval period the caterpillars ( larvae ) makes burrows in soil at a depth ranging 10-20cm mostly around the field bunds / shady areas which have mosit condition regularly and undergoes pupal stage which lasts for 10-12 months
- Now again after a year / the completion of pupal period the adults ( months ) come out from the pupae and starts the cycle again whenever the rain comes.
- Apart from ground nut, these red hairy catterpillars are also found in Bengal gram, Ragi, Cowpea, cotton, jowar, Maize, Castor..etc
CONTROLL/MANAGEMENT OF THIS PEST :-
CULTURAL/MECHANICAL/PHYSICAL METHODS :
- Deep plough ( summer ploughing ) the land at April-May months to kill the pupae by exposing them to sunlight & birds ( as predator )
- Collect & destroy egg clusters/masses, larvae
- Grow cowpea as trap crops around the field (or) intercrop with cowpea in the ratio of 1:5 rows ( cowpea : groundnut )
BONFIRES
- Set some bonfires around the field just after a rainy day to attract & kill caterpillars
- Setup light traps to attract and kill the moths during june-august
LIGHT TRAP
- Make a deep trench around the field & dust with 5% carbaryl (or) Methyl parathion/Carbaryl dust 250gm/metre ( to avoid migration of caterpillars to other fields )
- keep poison bate for lately emerged larvae with 10:1:1 ratio of Rice bran ( kg ) + jaggery ( kg ) + Quinalphos ( kg ) in & sorroundings of field
BIOLOGICAL METHODS :
- Spray NSKE 5% (or) Neem oil 5ml/lit water by mixing with appropriate surfactant like detergent powder etc..
- when larvae is young NPV @ 100 larval equivalents / acre can be sprayed for better results
- By using Telenomous manolus ( egg Parasitoid ) eggs can be destroyed
- With help of Asperigillus flavus larvae can be controlled effectively
- We can introduce natural enemies that include a predatory pentatomid bug attacking larvae & larval parasites like Apanteles flavipes, Apanteles creatonoti ( Braconidae ), Exorista civiloides, Sturnia inconspicuella ( Tachinidae )...etc
CHEMICAL METHODS : - spray.......
- QUINALPHOS 25 EC @ 2ml/lit
- MALATHION 50 EC @ 1ml/lit
- DIFLUBENZURON @ 0.75ml/lit
- DICHLORVOS 76WSC @ 0.7ml/lit
- CHLOROPYRIPHOS 25 EC @ 2.5ml/lit
- THIODICARB @ 1.5gm/lit
- Dust QUINALPHOS 1,5% @ 10kg/acre
- ENDOSULFAN 35 EC @ 300 ml/acre
- MONOCROTOPHOS @ 1.6ml/lit
- DIMETHOATE @ 2ml/lit
- PHOSALONE 35 EC @ 300ml/acre
CLICK HERE 👉🏻👉🏻 : ALL ABOUT AGRICULTURE
- Spray NSKE 5% (or) Neem oil 5ml/lit water by mixing with appropriate surfactant like detergent powder etc..
- when larvae is young NPV @ 100 larval equivalents / acre can be sprayed for better results
- By using Telenomous manolus ( egg Parasitoid ) eggs can be destroyed
- With help of Asperigillus flavus larvae can be controlled effectively
- We can introduce natural enemies that include a predatory pentatomid bug attacking larvae & larval parasites like Apanteles flavipes, Apanteles creatonoti ( Braconidae ), Exorista civiloides, Sturnia inconspicuella ( Tachinidae )...etc
CHEMICAL METHODS :
- spray.......
- QUINALPHOS 25 EC @ 2ml/lit
- MALATHION 50 EC @ 1ml/lit
- DIFLUBENZURON @ 0.75ml/lit
- DICHLORVOS 76WSC @ 0.7ml/lit
- CHLOROPYRIPHOS 25 EC @ 2.5ml/lit
- THIODICARB @ 1.5gm/lit
- Dust QUINALPHOS 1,5% @ 10kg/acre
- ENDOSULFAN 35 EC @ 300 ml/acre
- MONOCROTOPHOS @ 1.6ml/lit
- DIMETHOATE @ 2ml/lit
- PHOSALONE 35 EC @ 300ml/acre
CLICK HERE 👉🏻👉🏻 : ALL ABOUT AGRICULTURE
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